Lead Acid Batteries can be classified by application or by construction or by design.
By Application
Automotive Battery : Used in automobiles for starting the engine, ignition, and lighting
Industrial Battery : Used for UPS, Inverter, Telecom, Solar
Traction Battery : Used for Forklifts, Golf Carts, Railway coaches
By Construction
Flooded Battery : Traditional battery design where the battery container has liquid electrolyte and typically the containers are large and bulky. These batteries require periodic maintenance by topping up distilled water as gases are vented during the operation of the battery.
Sealed Maintenance Free Battery : The battery container is sealed and there’s no free electrolyte that will spill. This type of battery does not require any topping up of distilled water.
By Design
Flat Plate Battery : The positive and negative plate inside the battery is of a flat construction. The plate is made by pasting a mixture of lead oxide on to a grid made from lead alloy. This is then cured and the paste hardens into a cement like mass.
Tubular Plate Battery : Here the positive plate is made of a set of parallel tubes filled with lead oxide. The negative plate remains as a flat plate.